Mechanical polishing is the final finishing process of the part surface with fine abrasive grains and soft tools. In the polishing process, the abrasive particles and the workpiece surface have three states: sliding, plough, and cutting. In these three states, the grinding temperature and grinding force are increasing. Because the abrasive particles are attached to the soft substrate, the abrasive particles will be retracted to a softer substrate in different degrees under the action of the grinding force, causing tiny scratches on the surface of the workpiece to generate fine chips. Abrasive particles on the surface of the workpiece, sliding, plough, make the workpiece surface plastic flow, to a certain extent, improve the surface roughness of the workpiece, the formation of a continuous smooth surface, so that the workpiece surface to a mirror effect.


机械加工中的抛光技术值得一提


Because stainless steel has small thermal conductivity, high toughness, and small elastic modulus, stainless steel often has the following problems in grinding: (1) Large grinding force and high grinding temperature. (2) It is difficult to cut off the wear debris, abrasive particles easily dulled. (3) The workpiece is easily deformed. (4) Wear debris easily adheres to the grinding wheel. (5) The surface is easy to burn. (6) The work hardening tendency is serious.


A new type of polishing abrasive and PVA grinding wheel made by casting method using a hard elastomer structure formed of polyvinyl formal as an abrasive carrier. Due to the characteristics of the bonding agent itself, the PVA grinding wheel has its unique features. Its main features are: (1) high porosity. It has a sponge-like structure and is rich in tiny air holes. It has a low heat of grinding and it is not easy to burn the workpiece. (2) Flexible, strong polishing ability. (3) It is not easy to block. Suitable for all kinds of metal and non-metal polishing, especially for polishing tough stainless steel, copper alloy and other difficult-to-wear material and complex surface parts, used to replace the stick wheel, cloth wheel, can improve the polishing efficiency.


Grinding wheel speed, workpiece speed and cutting depth have a great influence on the surface finish. Different grinding speeds result in different workpiece surface quality. When grinding stainless steel materials, a higher grinding wheel speed is selected to improve the cutting performance of the grinding wheel. However, the grinding wheel speed is too high, grinding scratches are more, the grinding wheel is easy to be clogged, and the workpiece surface is prone to burn. The speed of the workpiece changes with the speed of the grinding wheel. When the speed of the grinding wheel increases, the speed of the workpiece also increases. When the speed of the grinding wheel decreases, the speed of the workpiece also decreases. When the cut-in depth is too small, the abrasive grains cannot cut into the surface of the workpiece and the efficiency is too low. When the cut-in depth is too large, the total grinding heat increases, and burns are also likely to occur.


Polishing stainless steel with a W20WAPVA wheel gives excellent surface quality. When using this grinding wheel to polish stainless steel, the workpiece speed is 15m/min, the radial feed is 0.015mm to 0.02mm, and the grinding wheel speed is 36m/s, the polishing effect is the best. Under the above conditions, the workpiece does not generally produce. Burn phenomenon.



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