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At the “2007 China International Automobile Industry Development International Forum†held in Tianjin on September 8, the participating experts agreed that hybrid power technology will become the main development direction of China’s energy saving and environmental protection vehicles at this stage.
The energy saving and emission reduction situation is severe
At the “2007 China Automotive Industry Development International Forum†co-sponsored by the China Automotive Technology and Research Center and the China Automotive Engineering Society and other institutions, more than a few ministries and commissions from the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Commerce, and the State Environmental Protection Administration rank above. Senior officials, as well as high-level auto giants such as FAW, SAIC, Dongfeng, Shaanxi Automobile, Geely, General Motors, Toyota, Nissan and PSA Peugeot Citroen, spoke at the time of their speeches about the development of China’s auto companies. Environmental challenges.
According to the BP World Energy Statistics, China's oil consumption in 2006 was approximately 350 million tons, an increase of 9.3% over the same period of last year. China has become the world’s second largest oil consumer and the third largest oil importer. At present, the fuel consumption of motor vehicles accounts for about 1/3 of the total oil consumption. About 90 percent of the country’s gasoline production and about 25 percent of diesel production are consumed by cars.
The degree of foreign oil dependence of China reached 47% last year, a year-on-year increase of 4.1%. It is estimated that by 2020, the foreign dependence on oil will reach 56% to 60%, and the national energy security will face severe challenges.
On the other hand, with the rapid increase in automobile consumption and possession in China, the impact of automobile pollution emissions on air quality has become increasingly serious. Li Xinmin, deputy director of the Pollution Control Department of the State Environmental Protection Administration, said: “The increase in car ownership has led to large emissions of nitrogen oxides, particulate matter and VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds), which has led to increased urban haze weather, low visibility, and increased risk of photochemical pollution. â€
Zhang Guobao, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, believes: "China has started to convert from exhaust gas pollution to automobile exhaust pollution."
For this reason, China's automobile industry has proposed the 2010 industrial planning target. When the vehicle ownership doubles, it strives to achieve a fuel consumption growth of no more than 50%; in 2010, the fuel consumption per 100 kilometers of new cars achieved a 15% reduction compared to 2005. To achieve the above objectives, on the one hand, it is necessary to increase the fuel economy and emission standards of traditional internal combustion engine vehicles; on the other hand, we must also vigorously develop energy-saving and environment-friendly new energy vehicles.
Automobile industry appears technical leapfrog opportunities
As Li Shufu, chairman of Geely Holding Group Co., Ltd. stated, “The current development of the global automotive industry is shifting to new energy sources. This gives China’s auto industry an opportunity to realize technological leapfrogging, and to get rid of auto industry technology in new energy technologies. The status of the weak."
In order to seize this historical opportunity, as early as 2001, new energy vehicle research projects have been listed as major scientific and technological issues during the National Tenth Five-Year Plan period. At that time, the “15th National 863 Plan for Electric Vehicle Major Project†was launched, and three development directions for the fuel cell vehicle project, hybrid vehicle project, and pure electric vehicle project were proposed. The country’s special investment fund was more than 800 million yuan.
After several years of trials, although major manufacturers are now able to come up with new energy prototypes, to this day, they have not seen which electric car can be mass produced. A top executive of a large state-owned auto group once reluctantly expressed to reporters that the current development path is not yet clear.
At this forum, the views of government officials and industry scholars gradually unified the view that hybrid power technology will become a priority for the development of energy-saving and environmentally friendly automotive technologies.
Zhao Hang, director of the China Automotive Technology and Research Center, said: "After several years of trials and comparisons, we have found that there is no major breakthrough in the battery technology of pure electric vehicles, and they are in an advanced stage of development; the fuel cells mainly use hydrogen fuel, but hydrogen is not a free energy source. The conversion technology is not yet mature. In addition, the platinum (Pt) catalyst required for the operation of hydrogen fuel cells is a rare metal and the cost is extremely high. These objective factors have made it difficult to develop pure electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles.
"As a transitional product in the era of connecting electric vehicles and the age of internal-combustion engines, hybrid technology is undoubtedly a good choice. It just happens to be a technological transition and becomes the best technology solution that can be selected. Therefore, in the electric vehicle technology, Hybrid technology has the conditions for the earliest mass production."
The HEV in the general sense refers to a vehicle that is equipped with a thermal power source and an electric power source at the same time. Both batteries provide electric power drive and a small internal combustion engine vehicle. The vehicle power system can be flexibly controlled according to operating conditions. Keep the engine at optimum performance to reduce fuel consumption and emissions.
Toyota is currently the leader in hybrid technology. As of the end of May this year, Toyota's well-known Prius, the world's leading petrol hybrid, has sold more than one million vehicles worldwide.
With the increasingly clear thinking on the development of new energy technologies, domestic manufacturers have also accelerated the pace of industrialization. Wang Da, vice president of SAIC Group, said at the forum that SAIC Motor's hybrid vehicle based on Roewe was put into production in small batches in 2008 and reached 50,000 capacity in 2010. Wu Shaoming, deputy general manager of FAW Group, also stated that FAW also chose hybrid technology to deal with energy conservation and environmental protection issues.
Zhao Hang said, “At present, the price of hybrid vehicles will be about 20% higher than that of traditional cars. With the increasingly mature technology, the expansion of market size and the increase in the degree of localization, the price of hybrid vehicles will gradually approach that of traditional cars. ."
Fu Yuwu, the secretary-general of the China Society of Automotive Engineers, believes that “for the past 20 years before the hybrid vehicle is popularized, we will focus on fuel vehicles. At this stage, we should vigorously promote diesel vehicles in order to reduce energy consumption and emission."