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The success of Chinese cars in Russia will inspire ambition to continue westward
Like Wang Jinsong, many people are not brave enough to depict a blueprint for bilateral trade between China and Russia. However, many people, including Wang Jinsong, are very willing to admit that the auto industry is a very good point of economic and trade cooperation between China and Russia.
On August 1, 2007, when attending the 2007 China-Russia Automobile Trade Cooperation Forum (hereinafter referred to as the “Cooperation Forumâ€), Wang Jinsong, Deputy Director of the European Department of the Ministry of Commerce stated: “In recent years, Russia’s auto market sales volume has increased significantly year after year, becoming the world’s largest One of the fastest growing car sales markets."
As one of the important activities of the 10th Harbin International Auto Show, the cooperation forum was jointly organized by China Automotive Engineering Society, Heilongjiang Provincial Department of Commerce, Harbin Municipal People's Government, Harbin Great Wall International Exhibition Co., Ltd. and Suifenhe Shimao Group.
In the speech, Wang Jinsong announced China’s statistics. In the first half of this year, bilateral trade volume reached US$20.5 billion and it is expected to exceed US$40 billion in the year. In 2006, this figure was 33.4 billion U.S. dollars, and the volume of trade in the first half of this year has already completed 61% of last year. "Russia is China's eighth largest trading partner and China is Russia's third largest trading partner." Wang Jinsong said.
In the first half of this year, China’s total vehicle exports to Russia amounted to 450 million U.S. dollars, an increase of 477.6% year-on-year, exceeding the total amount of exports to Russia in 2006 and reaching 128.6% of the total export value of the previous year.
Wang Jinsong stated that by 2010, the bilateral trade volume will reach 60 billion to 80 billion U.S. dollars. Under the temptation of these digital comparisons, how many Chinese auto companies will lead to "north drift" Russia? How will Chinese cars staking on the largest land near the North Pole? The cooperation forum has invited more than 130 leaders including the leaders of relevant departments of China and Russia, the chambers of commerce of the two countries, experts and scholars, as well as the leaders of auto companies and buyers from both countries to discuss together.
Chinese car "North drift" in mind
We have basically determined the strategy for entering the Russian market. Xu Haiguang, assistant to General Manager of FAW Group Import and Export Company, said at the cooperation forum that FAW has already planned its “Northern Bleach†trip, focusing on heavy commercial vehicles and economic cars, with medium and light trucks and passenger cars. , mini-cars as an aid. Xu Haiguang told reporters: "FAW's cars and light trucks have passed the Russian certification. â€
There are quite a few Chinese auto companies like FAW, and they are all figuring out their own "North drift" plan. From the initial exports of several companies such as ZTE and Great Wall, to dozens of companies such as Chery, Geely and Hafei. Chinese auto companies have taken a solid step in the trade with Russia and gradually transformed from initial general trade to marketing and strategic development.
Chery has already cooperated with Russian companies and began to produce the Cowin and Tiggo models in Russia in an assembly manner. Great Wall Motor has established dozens of stores in Russia that integrate sales, after-sales service and parts supply functions. China National Heavy Duty Truck passed the certification of 258 complete vehicles and chassis products, and established 40 sales service outlets in Russia's 7 largest administrative regions. At the same time, it also opened a domestic network service system to Russia.
Zhang Xiaoji, chairman of the China Association of Automobile Engineering, excitedly described his participation in the "China Auto Russia Tour" in May. “More than a dozen companies such as FAW, Dongfeng, SAIC, Futian, JAC, Shaanxi Auto, Zhongxing, Huachen, Changhe, Shuguang, Weichai, and Yangcheng have all or are actively planning to enter the Russian market.â€
In recent years, China's automobile industry has developed rapidly, and the production and sales of automobiles have entered the top three in the world. China's auto exports have achieved rapid growth for three consecutive years. In 2006, the number of auto exports reached 834,500, an increase of 97.2% year-on-year; the amount of exports was 3.134 billion US dollars, an increase of 97.8% over the same period of last year. From January to June of this year, China’s auto exports were 241,000, an increase of 71.2% year-on-year; export value was US$2.7 billion, an increase of 110.7% year-on-year.
Compared with the active performance of Chinese cars in the world, the momentum of Chinese auto exports to Russia is even stronger. In 2006, the number of exported vehicles totaled 38,000, an increase of 331.9% year-on-year; the amount reached US$350 million, an increase of 312.5% ​​over the same period last year. From January to June this year, China exported 38,600 complete vehicles to Russia, an increase of 355.8% year-on-year; total vehicle exports amounted to 450 million US dollars, an increase of 477.6% year-on-year, accounting for 16.7% of the country’s automobile export volume over the same period. In 2006, Russia replaced Algeria, Syria, Iran, and other countries. From 2005, China's automobile export country market ranked sixth in 2006. "From January to June this year, this trend continues to develop. Russia is still the number one automotive export country in China," said Fu Peizhao, deputy secretary-general of the Automotive Branch of the China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Machinery and Electronic Products.
Fu Peizhao also introduced the specific market situation of Chinese cars in Russia. In terms of export value, commercial vehicles accounted for about 53%, and passenger vehicles accounted for about 47%. On the export volume, passenger cars accounted for 69%, and commercial vehicles accounted for 31%. "China has a wide range of cars for export to Russia, and passenger cars and commercial vehicles are comparable." Fu Peizhao said.
According to statistics of the Russian customs, in 2006 Russia imported 1.05 million passenger vehicles and exported 120,000 vehicles. In the year, 54,000 trucks were imported and 47,000 vehicles were exported. Experts predict that in the next 3 to 5 years, Russian auto sales will still maintain an annual growth of 300,000 to 350,000 vehicles.
Double-sided character of "double-headed eagle"
The double-headed eagle is a representative mark on the Russian national emblem and has a history of nearly 600 years. Russia spans two continents, Europe and Asia. The double-headed eagle looks at the west and looks at the east.
In June of this year, domestic cars encountered a "collision door" in Russia. In response to the "Collision Gate" incident, there are many opinions. Is it the difference in technology or the opponent's mischief? Inconclusive.
However, many Chinese enterprises that export automobiles to Russia must first face vehicle certification issues. At present, Russia has stricter import certification requirements for the production of automobiles in China and takes longer. In response to this situation, Fu Peizhao believes that there are many reasons. "The subjective human factors of the Russian certification bodies often interfere with the normal testing and certification of my vehicles." In addition, China’s automotive products have entered the Russian market with rapid development. Their advantages of low prices and good quality have caused a certain impact on the Russian domestic auto manufacturers. Some local media even exclaimed, fearing that Chinese cars will occupy a large scale in the Russian market and squeeze Russian cars. Manufacturers' development space.
China is currently the most active automobile market in the world, while Russia is the most promising market. It is an inevitable trend that both sides increase in-depth cooperation and trade. Russia, on the one hand, “shakes†the rapid development of Chinese cars, but it cannot ignore the benefits of Chinese cars to Russia.
“The development of the automotive industry can drive the rise of hundreds of industries and can drive the advancement of related technology and technology. What a magnificent undertaking this is.†At the cooperation forum, Kvallik, Vice President of the Russian Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Primorsky Krai Kerry Vakkinovich said.
According to Ning Vasilyev, deputy chief of the Highway and Bridge Construction Corporation in the coastal area, the Russian government has formulated long-term plans for the development of the Far East region and the Houbaikal region. In this plan, the planned financial allocation of 17 billion US dollars, it requires a lot of mechanical equipment, technical resources and human resources.
Lein Vasilyev said: "At present, the production of Russia's Kamaz Automobile Factory is far from meeting the needs of the market, and Chinese-made cars have both quality and price, compared with those of Russia and other countries. Great advantage."
Zhang Xiaozhen warned Chinese auto companies that Russia’s auto import policy has obvious variability and must be carefully studied and responded to changes in advance.
The touchstone of "Western expansion"
"Entering the Russian market is actually a stepping stone to the European and American markets," said Zhang Weicheng, chief marketing officer of Hafei Motor Sales Corporation. Hafei Motor's operation in the Russian market not only accumulated market experience, but also strengthened the confidence of exporting developed countries.
Coincidentally, FAW also regards the Russian market as a breakthrough in its internationalization. Xu Haiguang said: "The establishment of an assembly base in Russia will be an important support for FAW Group's goal of 'operating internationally'."
Russia spans Eurasia, and the Russian market has a strong radiation effect. Most of the countries in the CIS region are greatly affected by Russia’s political economy. After the establishment of a core market in Russia, it is easy to expand into neighboring countries. The original industrial base of Russia can provide strong resources for overseas assembly projects. .
"The establishment of an export assembly base in Russia will not only lead to a large-scale increase in the number of exports, but also the only way to build a long-term regional market." Xu Haiguang said.
In the 1950s and 1960s, the Soviet Union vigorously developed heavy industry and formed a relatively complete manufacturing system for the automobile industry. Its output peaked in the 1980s. Russia’s automobile industry has a good foundation and the market operates more properly. Geographically speaking, connecting Asia and Europe, the product adaptability and regulations in the western region are very close to those in Europe.
Xu Haiguang said that through large-scale operations in this market, FAW can learn and master the necessary conditions for mature marketing, gain experience in the establishment and operation of related systems such as auto finance, marketing, and after-sales services, and build systems and talents for entering mature markets. Accumulation.
The history and strategic position of Russia’s unique automotive industry make it a test field for Chinese autos to accumulate experience and test their strength.
"And once it has gained recognition in the European market, Chinese auto companies will use Russia as a springboard to open up markets to the west," said an analyst.
Links: Car export Russia memo
Companies that export automobiles to Russia must first face the problem of Russian vehicle certification.
At the 2007 China-Russia Automobile Trade Cooperation Forum, Hu Jiangyun, deputy director of the Development Research Center of the State Council, introduced the Russian automobile import policy. "Car Watch" specially extracted Hu Jiangyun's report for the company's reference.
Car import formalities
On March 6, 2007, Russia started to use the new type of customs declaration form for foreign car import formalities. The new customs declaration has the following three requirements:
Individuals who import cars from abroad should fill 17 items. These projects are mainly about personal residence information, ID card information, car information, and car ownership information.
It is stipulated that citizens should truthfully list on the customs declaration the existing credential materials that can prove the value of automobile import declarations.
The owner of a private car should state the customs value of the car in the customs declaration form and formally confirm the price of the declaration.
Imported car management
Cars do not belong to Russia's license quota management goods. After the imported vehicles have passed the certification and obtained the vehicle type approval, they will be classified as general commodities. Any company can engage in the foreign trade business of the goods as long as the company's articles of association permit.
Russia's import management of commercial vehicles is more lenient than that of sedan cars. There is no restriction on customs declaration locations, and no consumption tax is imposed. Only import duties and value-added tax are levied.
Russia uses its own catalogue of foreign trade activities and does not fully comply with the international standard HS coding system.
Legal basis
According to the provisions of the "Russian Federal Traffic Safety Law" and the "Russian Federation Product and Service Certification Law," vehicles and their related objects that are transported into Russia within the term of more than six months from abroad must be mandatory. Certification. In April 1998, the Russian National Standards Committee (after the reform of the Russian government in 2004, renamed the "Russian Federal Technology Supervision Agency") passed the "Decision on Perfecting the Certification System for Motor Vehicles and Trailers" and promulgated "Motor Vehicles and Trailers." The "Administrative Measures for Certification System" has so far been in effect. This method was based on the 1958 Geneva Agreement. The matters not specified in the agreement were handled in accordance with the regulations of the Russian Federation.
Certification System
The national certification body is the Russian International Standards Committee (now the "Russian Federal Technology Supervision Agency").
Basic procedure for certification
The applicant shall first clearly specify the types of vehicles to be certified and the standards it should meet, draft brief technical specifications, and submit applications to the certification body. Within 15 days after receiving the application, the certification body makes a decision whether or not to consent to the certification. If so agreed, the applicant shall provide the laboratory with the required number of product prototypes.
After confirming the completeness and accuracy of the technical description, and verifying that the prototype car provided is in accordance with the technical description, the laboratory accepting the application begins the certification test and may also invite the manufacturer to participate if necessary.
If the test is passed, the laboratory will transfer its test report and the technical description certified by it to the certification body or the applicant. The certification body will then make the decision to issue the Russian quality certificate to the applicant, or the administrative agency. According to the regulations of the UN Economic Commission for Europe, the decision to issue a "formal confirmation of the vehicle structure model number" was issued. Under normal circumstances, the quality certificate is valid for no more than three years. If the certification body agrees to extend its period of validity, it will issue a new quality certificate that is valid for three years.
Special certification
The mandatory technical requirements for small-volume imported vehicles are relatively relaxed. The “vehicle model approval letter†issued for the requested series (batch) vehicles is a document that proves the safety of the vehicle structure.
Environmental requirements
On April 22, 2006, Euro II emission standards were implemented.
Since January 1, 2008, the environmental standards for automobiles should not be lower than the European III emission control standards.
From January 1, 2010, it should not be lower than the European IV emission control level.
From January 1, 2014, it has been raised to the European V standard.
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